Issue 2016 No. 3 (48)

The article discusses the main directions of the Russian socio-political thought of the XVIII century: statist, the conservative education, radical education, traditionalist-orthodox. The characteristics of each of the areas, the comparative analysis, the influence of each direction in the processes ... of social and political thought of Russia.
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The problems of equitable remuneration are relevant to any society under any political system. Hired labor policy and its evaluation are always the prerogative of the state. In our society in the minds of ordinary citizens and many politicians formed a stable installation that the definition of «wag ... es», «compensation», «remuneration», «income» is synonymous. This raises many conflicts, including in the legal and political legislative initiative. To clarify the peculiarities of modern interpretation from the perspective of the scientific validity of these definitions the focus of this article.
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Brazil political and administrative regime has great potential for economic growth and social development. Workers' Party played crucial role in this process due to it launched mechanisms of participatory budgeting, e-government and social programs. The study is based on the concepts of governance a ... nd dynamic state capacities. According to the concept of governance there is transition to the new form of coordination between the state and civil society. Instead of hierarchical and market coordination mechanisms there is horizontal network interaction between civil society organizations, and the state acts here not as an equal player but as a referee controlling the compliance of rules and creating infrastructure. According to the second concept of dynamic state capacities, the state in a changing environment should constantly demonstrate specific qualities such as dynamism, openness, responsiveness, ability to innovate. The state should ensure inclusive political and economic institutions, build human capital, support the broad inclusion of civil society in political decision-making on the basis of trust and transparency. At the moment, the most effective way of people direct inclusion into the governance institutions in Brazil are not political parties, and not representative bodies, but participatory budgeting practices.
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The modern system of international relations has a row of contradictions which are not soluble under the existing system. These contradictions have arisen in the imperialist epoch, and today they are derived to a higher qualitative level by globalization. They are based on the uneven development of ... the world. Rich countries В«of the NorthВ» have a monopoly on high-technologies and using them as an element of structural Power for putting pressure on the poor В«South». The purpose of this pressure - is a control over markets, resources and labor force, and as a result for saving the system of В«northernВ» countries domination. The «South» protects itself from the «North» in the form of asymmetric response - migration, terrorism and demography. Then the В«NorthВ» increases structural military pressure. This entails strengthening of the asymmetric response (terrorism, migration, demographics, drug traffic), which again makes the «North» to carry out the whole range of military operations. This spiral movement leads to tightening of confrontation and conflict. The technology which was brought to life by the process of globalization has at least a dual purpose and can operate both in a «peaceful», and in «combat mode». In the article this process is considered by the example of functioning of the «the Internet», which increases the possibility of how to obtain information on the one hand, and on the other receiving misinformation.
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The article presents philosophical and ethical analysis of the influence of moral values and norms on socio-economic life of the society. The reforms, pursued by the Russian leaderships led to a rapid collapse of the whole former system of values. New moral compass in the socio-economic sphere is no ... t aligned with the experience and traditions of the country development, but with abstract ideologies. The authorities again began to oppose the society, imposing those norms and values that were considered necessary and optimal for them. Human factors and ethical regulators of conduct were dropped. Imposed values consider the person as a means to achieve goals and benefit the plants, distorting notions of good, justice and equality. Without attention to moral requirements and standards there cannot be long-term and sustainable increase in social wealth, the creation of the common good. The situation is difficult to call otherwise as eclectic value orientations. The reflection of the personality resists the aggression values of mass culture, which prominently are not the working man and his creative activity with the focus on equity, duty, honesty and other moral values. The exaggerated role of money and consumption only generate a surrogate public morality; distort political activities, reducing the importance of honesty, responsibility, mutual assistance, creating opportunities for abuse of power. Appeal to moral values is designed to ensure dialogue between the social layers, the stability of the social structure, and the harmony of the individual with the surrounding world. Without reaching common approaches, moral evaluations on existing problems to achieve a common social consensus is extremely difficult.
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The article tells us about territorial-border contradictions and migration risks in Russian-Chinese relations. These issues play an important role in the relationship of two countries located next to each other. The long process of demarcation of the border with many political, material and organiza ... tional difficulties ended in 1998.From this moment, it was the first time in the history when Russia and China received legally formed and clearly delineated line of the state border. Chinese experts believe that the Tumangan Project is a good example of mutually beneficial cooperation in the field of logistics. Nowadays FEZ Hasan-Tumangan is being formed in Russia. The largest international multi-trading Zarubino port is being built in the Far East and Russia as well. Also, one of the main contradiction in Russian-Chinese cooperation is the problem of migration policy of two countries, threat of Chinese demographic expansion, the lack of effective political and legal forms of decision of migration question and legal security mechanism.
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This article describes characteristics of Syrian teenagers' adaptability in extreme traumatic situations. The overview of researches on the problem of traumatic situations, characteristics and the typology of traumatic events, the details of traumatic experiences are listed. It also presents the cor ... relation between traumatic events and adaptability of Syrian teenagers in the refugee camp «Zaatari».
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The relevance of ethnic conflicts has always been. Break inter-ethnic hatred may at any time and especially from ignorance of cultural customs and traditions of other nations. This ethnic conflict can be classified as situational. It may arise as a result of intolerance on the one and on the other h ... and. Organizational conflicts - are excluded, unless they are beneficial to the elites. However, in order to succeed in resolving conflicts etnopoliticheskih, ethnicity should be depoliticized as possible, subject to the priority of human rights and freedom lichnosti. Dialogue and cooperation of the government and ethnic groups - the most sensible way to achieve parity interesov. The article analyzes the likelihood of conflict in the Astrakhan region with historical facts and the evaluation of preventive measures.
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This article is devoted to the analysis of the processes that take place in Central Asia in humanitarian field - in so-called «soft power» policy. In this work the region is studied from the point of view of antagonism between two key actors that influence the processes in this region: Russia and Tu ... rkey. Both countries have cultural and historical right to be present in the region. As the legal successor of the USSR, Russia still considers this region vitally important and aspires to maintain political and humanitarian control. In contrast, Turkey tries to use new opportunities that have been offered after the collapse of the Soviet Union and implements extensive humanitarian programs on the basis of common cultural values. The government institutions of both countries that are responsible for implementation of humanitarian policy are described; their work in each of 5 countries of the region is analyzed in details; the general statistics of different criteria in educational and cultural fields is provided; the statistics and the reasons of its positive or negative change are analyzed in the article.
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The article considers the evolutionary stages in the development of definitions such as «corporate citizenship» and «corporate social responsibility», as well as the specifics of public-private partnership in Russia. The author has attempted to analyze the current trends of business and government r ... elations in the country, and tried to understand the laws of this partnership and distribution of unique roles-in bundle «business-state-society». As to development of the concept of corporate citizenship and corporate social responsibility (CSR), the author considers that from about 2003 a leading position for discussing belongs to issues of corporate social responsibility as the pages of business publications, as well as the forums agenda of heads of the country, leaders of the Russian business, theorists and practitioners of management. From this time we can see that Russian scientists sufficiently worked out on the subject of the research and the conceptual apparatus, defined and systematized public expectations, analyzed and summarized the experience of socially responsible Russian and foreign companies. In addition, this study shows the author's interpretation of the classic Carroll`s «pyramid» applied to Russian realities of socially responsible business. The analysis makes an interesting conclusion that inside the scientific community it has been creating a new paradigm of corporate social responsibility which elements are corporate citizenship, social investments and social partnership.
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The article is devoted to stydying of one of the most actual issues laying on the boder line of several social and humane sciences - youth political participation. Timeliness of the topic arises from the observed contradiction: on the one hand youth has always been one of the most active social coll ... ectivity, an accelerator and participant of the political changes. On the other hand y we can say that presently the Russian youth can be characterized as a rather politically passive social community. So that the aim of the article is to present the authors' view on the causes of that problem. In order to achieve it we investigate such forms of Astrakhan students' political participation as: voting, taking part in protests, participation in political organisations' activity. The gethered data demonstrate political passivity of Astrakhan student youth. The authors allocated the following reasons of that phenomena: a) students' ideas about inefficiency of voting as a mean of political changing; b) distrust towards political parties; c) students' ideas of authority interests' involving in the poitical nongovernmental organisations in Russia. The main concern of the gethered data is conncted with the fact that the majority of the respondents named such unconventional types of political behaviour as participation in protesrs as the most effient instrument of political changes in Russia. That leads to a very unpromising conclusion: if the Russian citizens is not provided with the real possibility to influence the situation in the Russian Federation by democratic means, then there is a possibility of radical methods usage in order to achieve demanded changes.
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The article reveals the nature of the social ideal, the evolution of the nature and characteristics of social ideals during the global historical process, the role and influence of social ideals as fundamental goals and values in the emergence and development of social transformations, special revol ... utionary withdrawal pains and transformations.
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There is a review of anthology «The Keepers of Russia» It was composed and prepared by the chair of history of socio-political studies, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University. The relevance of this anthology for the study of the origins of the Russian conservative idea is un ... derstood. It noted such advantages as systematic, extensive reference tools, the novelty of some texts for Russian science.
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The article is devoted to the definition of the dominant genre in the works by F.N. Gorenstein «Tschok-Tschok» (1987). The analysis of the author's subtitle В«philosophisch-erotischer romanВ», it proved the ironic nature of this explication. Considered resistant erotic text markers: theatralization ... (manifested in the motives of changing clothes and of voyeurism, special crushing of statements on the replicas), the picture of deviant sexual activity, the presence of archetypal image of temptress. It is emphasized that the novel «Tschok-Tschok» part of the description is aloof, anti-aesthetic character, visualized intimate scenes are not an end in itself, always carry a subtext, an another plan. It is alleged that in the work by F.N. Gorenstein there is no extra-aesthetic journalistic series, having no high intellectual content insertions, there is no ideologues heroes - everything that is usually inherent in the philosophical novel. At the same time almost all levels of the work important place is given to the artistic image of the substantial idea. Heroes fall into similar situations and say similar cues. The structure of the artistic text is compared with the outgoing spiral. The author duplicates the sound combinations, lexemes, details, images, motifs, story schemes. Psychological overtones by W. James become the initial philosopheme of the writer. Double word in the title of the novel is a clear demonstration of the fact.
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Difficulties in the international and economic situation is shaping the new conditions for Russian society. In Russia the General globalization processes are connected with particular cultural and socio-political context. The migration crisis in Europe 2015-2016 forced to take a new look at the prob ... lems of tolerance and of intolerance, extremism and respect for every cultural tradition - both in the world and in Russia, where internal migration processes in recent years have a significant impact on all spheres of society. Article addresses the issue of migration in the world and in Russia in the context of several contemporary theories, such as theory of Heterotopias by Michel Foucault, theories of Intercultural Communication by E. Hall and theory of the Frontier by F. J. Turner. The combination of these theories is determined tasks of the research: 1. To assess the nature of the interaction of different cultures in modern multicultural (frontline, heterotopic) spaces. 2. To identify trends and specifics of migration processes in modern society. 3. Describe the feature of the present situation in comparison with the situation in Europe.
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Reconsideration of a world view - a sign marker of modern era. Even traditional cultures, as a rule, the most resistant to changes, are forced to change their views due to globalization processes. Space and Time lose their sacredness, and «the strange» is identified with «the Other», becoming just « ... a different cultural experience». However not all cultural practics can peacefully coexist in one territory in uniform society. The difference in valuable representations creates the intensity centers. The essence of the events consists in the necessity «to change the way of thinking in global aspect that presupposes to recognize this«stranger» as other, but equalВ». There is a need of search wider forms of self-identification. But on this way there are large difficulties owing to steady patterns of traditional world view. Transformation of the world view is a mutual process that also involves native population of the host societies. The phenomenon of В«neostrangerВ» escapes understanding, so the Western society proposes to separate it, bring it out of the framework of liberal values and leave it to its own devices, cultivating its traditional practices. Hence, despite specific transformation of the worldview, traditional societies remain primordial approach to culture which nullifies social integration. The theoretical analysis of the existing contradictions in worldviews of different cultures brings to the level of understanding of the deep reasons of cultural confrontation and defines necessary measures for its overcoming.
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The problem of Alien becoming increasingly relevant in the modern world due to migration and globalization processes. We define an Alien with a number of markers: vestimentary, alimentary, visual appearance, religious affiliation, etc. The purpose of this article is to identify vestimentary markers ... associated with scale images «Own - Alien - Monster» in traditional clothes of old believers and their modern transcriptions, allowing to distinguish their religious affiliation. The main material for analysis was the field research of the costumes of the old believers, published in scientific periodicals and monographs. The methodology of the study is to identify the underlying vestimentary token appearance of old believers, an analysis of their involvement in a range of images «Own - Alien- Monster» in synchronic and diachronic aspects.
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In the work of moral and spiritual values are considered as the basis for the transformation of individuals, society and the world. Revealing the essence of spiritual and moral values, the author defines them as properties of being human, which manifests itself in spiritual and moral activities and ... implemented both internally and in the external world through the mind, feelings, behavior, communication, attitudes, needs. It is shown that moral values are the Foundation of the culture and appear in all kinds of social life, as they are objective by their nature and content, and are not dependent on subjective consciousness.
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The article is devoted to the complex research of certain aspects of the phenomenon of culture from historical and socio-philosophical point of view. It is proved that culture can be the object of analysis in three aspects: humanistic, creative and valuable-regulatory. Culture is defined as a public ... process of human self creation. The article emphasizes that the Crimean peninsula was, and nowadays it is the territory of close intercultural interaction of different ethnic groups inhabiting it. Crimean Germans, appeared on the peninsula in the result of migration, made a worthy contribution to cultural polylog of the Crimean people. The cultural traditions of the Crimean Germans are presented and described in the article. The mixing of languages and cultures of the people of the Crimea was especially brightly reflected in the names of the settlements of the representatives of different nationalities. In this regard, the article is illustrated with many examples of intercultural communication on the material place names - names of settlements, founded by German colonists. The article gives examples of work towards the revival of lost cultural traditions, and also emphasizes the importance of this problem in the framework of the program for the conservation of the cultural heritage of the peninsula.
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The article studies the actual problems of dialogue of cultures in the conditions of informatization of modern reality. Dialogue as the sociocultural phenomenon is formed in certain cultural and historical conditions, reflects features of various epochs and is exposed to transformations. In the cond ... itions of informatization of social area information culture is created. Such type of culture assumes an open entry to any information, appearance of new forms of communicative interaction and a new way of thinking based on aspiration of the personality to self-realization and self-affirmation. The moral and cultural crisis, which has been come, is considered in the context of communicative transformations which erase borders between cultures and create the base for forming of single cultural area. Within the processes of cultural unification, tendencies to independence of separate cultures, and to upholding of own originality are observed. The transformation of modern society towards the expansion of information exchange and the virtualization of social area have caused the appearance of new methods of understanding of the dialogue of cultures. Such method should be based on the significance and multidimensionality of modern reality. To author's opinion, the polylogue as a modern modification of dialogue, in high degree reflects communicative peculiarities of information epoch, considers its polycommunicativeness and multi-vector nature. The basis of the polylogue is constituted by the principle of pluralism which assumes the existence and interaction of various cultural forms. Such understanding of cultural interaction is based on recognition of variety of cultures, refusal of cultural confrontation, approval of the principle of cooperation, elimination of the local and global cataclysms leading to the destabilization of society.
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The author in the article attempts to analyze the complex phenomenon of immortality in conditions of virtual space. Emphasize the problem has increased in recent years, becouse of number of accounts of dead people on social networks, as well as the increasingly popular electronic memorials and virtu ... al cemeteries. Having reviewed five conceptual models of immortality, the author suggests that one of them is going through a transformation in the conditions of virtualization of reality in a qualitatively new form digital. Defines the concept of digital soul. Described futurist theory of digital immortality of man. Displays two forms of practical immortality in the Internet. It is stated that digital immortality is the the elimination the problem of death in society which is characterised of modern society greatly.
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The urgency of understanding the problem of alienation in terms of virtualization due to human entry into a new phase of the global information civilization, the emergence of new information technologies, virtualization of society. Man's relationship with the created virtual world they are complex a ... nd contradictory. Virtual space on the one hand involves the expansion of the boundaries of human capabilities, on the other - it produces new forms of exclusion. Alienation as an attribute of human existence in the era of information becomes global.
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The article presents philosophical and ethical analysis of the influence of moral values and norms on socio-economic life of the society. The reforms, pursued by the Russian leaderships led to a rapid collapse of the whole former system of values. New moral compass in the socio-economic sphere is no ... t aligned with the experience and traditions of the country development, but with abstract ideologies. The authorities again began to oppose the society, imposing those norms and values that were considered necessary and optimal for them. Human factors and ethical regulators of conduct were dropped. Imposed values consider the person as a means to achieve goals and benefit the plants, distorting notions of good, justice and equality. Without attention to moral requirements and standards there cannot be long-term and sustainable increase in social wealth, the creation of the common good. The situation is difficult to call otherwise as eclectic value orientations. The reflection of the personality resists the aggression values of mass culture, which prominently are not the working man and his creative activity with the focus on equity, duty, honesty and other moral values. The exaggerated role of money and consumption only generate a surrogate public morality; distort political activities, reducing the importance of honesty, responsibility, mutual assistance, creating opportunities for abuse of power. Appeal to moral values is designed to ensure dialogue between the social layers, the stability of the social structure, and the harmony of the individual with the surrounding world. Without reaching common approaches, moral evaluations on existing problems to achieve a common social consensus is extremely difficult.
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The article analyzes the scientific content of the concepts of В«innovationВ» and В«social innovationВ». We consider the transition to the theoretical understanding of the phenomenon of В«social innovationВ»

Prof. Andrei Baranov's monograph contributes a lot to the study of regional political processes and ethno-political conflicts in the Krasnodar Krai, the Republic of Adygea and the Crimean peninsula. On the basis of processing of the latest empirical data author identifies the determinants of ethno-p ... olitical conflicts and possible threats. The author of the monograph sets out recommendations for the management and resolution of regional conflicts in these regions.
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The review examines the current state of the theory of needs, on the example of the work we analyze the quality of scientific and philosophical research of this phenomenon. The urgency and importance of the problem is stressed in light of the global changes that are currently experiencing humanity. ... The author assesses the submitted work, characterizes its main provisions and conclusions.
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