Issue 2016 No. 1 (46)

The article is devoted history of becoming and development of education Sevastopol. The first civil institution of Sevastopol was opened in 1828. It was a district school. These schools are attended mainly boys. But in 1849, Elizabeth Devaux-Saint-Felix opens the girl's half-board, which taught God' ... s Law, Russian, French, German, geography, music and dancing. In Sevastopol, as well as throughout the Russian Empire, there is a rapid increase in the number of primary schools. In the second half of the 70-ies of the XIX century, the city operated 13 schools. In 1881, the number of students has increased in Sevastopol more than 100 people - 947 people. In the early 90-ies of the XIX century in the city there were 1 city school Regulation 1872, 1 two-year parish, 8 schools under the jurisdiction of school boards, 3 private, 1 Jewish, 1 nautical.Konstantinovskoe real school, founded in 1875, made it possible to act upon its completion in technical institutes. The name of the school is named after Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich, who was then the Academy of Sciences. In school, children learn from different social classes - the sons of the middle class, the titular counselor, conductors naval crews, honorable citizens, noblemen, collegiate assessor, non-commissioned officers, farmers, etc. Also takes the non-Orthodox religious parties - the Karaites, Catholics, Greek Catholics, Reformists, Jews, Evangelicals, representatives of the Armenian-Gregorian faith. His task of teaching staff considered it necessary to raise highly moral person, possessing the skills of cultural behavior. At meetings of the teachers' council of the teacher to analyze the behavior of students.During the activity Konstantinovsky School hosted many guests, including the royal family. So, May 7, 1886 the school was visited by Emperor Alexander III, Empress, Prince and other royal officials.
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This article is a continuation of the theme of military captivity started in previous publications. The author focuses on the specifics of domestic regulations governing the status of prisoners of war of the first half of the XX century, and outlining the characteristics of certain original document ... s, characterizes the conditions of detention of foreign prisoners of war in Russia in accordance with international law. The study and analysis of these issues are important for the development of international cooperation and in terms of the elimination of В«white spotsВ» in the history of the First and Second World Wars.
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This article is continuation of the subject of military captivity begun in the previous publications. The analysis of the international legal acts of regulation of the status of prisoners of war of the first half of the XX century is carried out. It is detailed who could have the status of foreign p ... risoners of war in the Soviet legislation, and also an order of their contents in the territory of the USSR during the first and second world wars.
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The articles studies relations between West African peoples of Ibo and Joruba, and British missionaries in the second half of XIX century. The image of «the Other» plays a significant role in the construction of the self-image. One can realize the specific features of one's own culture only through ... contacts with another culture. The article aims to not just describe the process of formation of the European Christian's image in the eyes of the Western Africans, or the Pagan's image in the eyes of the missionaries, but also to research the cultural transformation and adaptation under the influence of a foreign civilization. The auther tries to single out which innovations introduced by the missionaries could be easily adapted into the native societies. Likewise, borrowing of some African values by missionaries also promoted the effective intercultural dialogue.
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The problem of the need for moral and spiritual components of education. The importance of patriotic education in the educational process. The authors emphasize the negative consequences deideologization and concluded on the importance of developing the ideological strategy of the state at the prese ... nt stage.
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All electoral systems are complex, with a large number of technical and political elements, which are combined according to the needs, the participants of the electoral process and the desired goals. In this article the author examines the problems of electoral reform in the Republic of Colombia. Cu ... rrently existing electoral system in this country needs a serious adjustment. The author concludes that the most effective political decision in this situation is the development and adoption of a new electoral code, which is able to replace the outdated and unconstitutional Code of 1986. The new Electoral Code of the Republic of Colombia, may develop and adopt within the framework of the current Constitution of the Republic of Colombia of 1991. According to the author, the electoral system is organized and operates in a way that puts the state tasks that need to be addressed.
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This article is devoted to the analysis of environmental policy in the Astrakhan region. The regional environmental policy - an integral part of socio-economic policies in the area. It should be aimed at improving the environmental conditions of life, health, longer lives and preserving the natural ... landscape by reducing the number of factors that adversely affect the environment. Only the state on behalf of public authorities and the population in the face of public institutions of civil society can and must work together to address issues that contribute not only to improving the state of the environment, but also greening of consciousness in the region.
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The article examines the crucial issues of the functioning of federal state in terms of contemporary geopolitical crisis. Are the point of view of scientists, economists and policy analysts, the problem of the external threat, creating the need for new units and integration with the countries of the ... East. Examines global problems Russia's foreign policy in the context of the crisis of world affairs. Distinctions in levels of social and economic progress of Russia and Byelorussia are considered. Article mentions key issues of functioning of Uniform Economic Space in aggregate positive and negative instants which speak distinctions in a social and economic arrangement of Russia and republic Belarus.
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Conflict model of international relations: the formation of the specifics in the North Caucasus region. This article is devoted to the actual topic for modern Russia - the specifics of international relations. The author analyzes the main features of the formation of ethno-political conflicts and ap ... peals to review the conflict model of interethnic relations in the North Caucasus. It emphasizes the relationship of conflict model of interethnic relations with the specifics of the existing regional socio-political systems.
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The article is on the political technological resourcing of the electoral campaigns. Given the crisis in the field that is represented by the use of standardized and unoriginal technologies, excessively used administrative pressure, etc. there is the need for new positive technologies. Social respon ... sibility (generally understood) may become one of them. The analysis of its positive potential, its functioning in other spheres of life and a certain social demand for such technologies point to its relevance and prospective viability as a political technology in Russia.
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Foreign policy is the main direction of state's activity, aimed to guide the relations between countries. It's a general course of the country on the international scene, which reflects it's national interests expressed in the form of principles and objectives of the state. In order to get a deeper ... understanding of modern foreign policy processes, it's necessary to examine the nature of this phenomenon. This article considers the correlation between the concepts of «foreign policy», «international relations» and «international life». We analyzed the hypothesis of the main schools of international relations regarding the place and role of foreign policy in the modern world. Schools of political realism, idealism, transnationalism, neo-Marxism and neo-realism express their vision in evaluating the significance of foreign policy in the international arena. Moreover, the paper examines the relevance of the ideas of realism as one of the dominant theories of international relations. Obvious limitations of some scientific school's propositions, compensating by the ideas of others. Thus, international relations theories and conceptual categories of science interchange and enrich each other. As a result, the study tested, that the ideas of political realism meet the realities of the modern world as never before and have the ability to predict the situation in the future.
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Political portraying as a method allows to get a full knowledge of political leader and to predict its behavior and the effectiveness of interaction with other policies has a considerable heuristic potential In this article the author analyzes the causes of emergence method of portraiture in Russian ... science. The reason of its need in the method, the author sees significant changes to the political system and the acquisition of new specific features. In addition, the article considers the essence of portraiture as a research strategy and some of its methods. Examples of the application of the portraiture of domestic and foreign researchers. As these examples used the work «the Governors of new Russia» of N. Zenkovich, revealing the potential of portraiture for analysis not only of elite groups, but to characterize the stage of development of the political system as a whole. An example of using the method of portraiture in political forecasting is the work of K. de and J. Landshire Midlife "the Role of personality in politics in the European Union", where scientists on the basis of a comparison of psychological portraits of the three leaders of the European Union came to conclusion about the effectiveness of their future communication. In the end of the article the author made conclusion about the adequacy of the method of portraiture for the analysis of political elites and prospects of application of this method in political science.
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The article is devoted to the factors influencing public policy. The work was based on methods of structural content analysis and event analysis. Public policy is understood as a process of political decision-making on the most important issues of our time. The author considers this process as an on ... going struggle of various entities for the right to form and end the current development of society and the State shall. Factors identified as internal and external forces and processes. These processes, independent of the will of the subjects of public policy and are able to turn out to vat significant influence on it. Most attention is paid to the «Events» of all these factors. Event - it is a fact that occurred in the past, present or future. The event changes the context of public policy independently of the will of its subjects. To identify the importance of the event as a factor in the structural content analysis conducted Messages of the President Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation for 2012 and 2014 years. Analysis Epistles provides an opportunity to assess the value of the event in the context of changes in the political agenda. Under the political agenda means a series of problems that need immediate solutions and the most emotionally perceived. It was revealed that the event (reunion of the Crimea and Sevastopol to the Russian Federation) is able to influence the political agenda. Abrupt change of relevance blocks the characteristic of each time period indicates the importance of this factor (domestic and foreign policy for 2012 to 2014). The reunification of the Crimea and the Russian Federation was the starting point in the cycle the problems of Crimea in the political agenda of the Russian Federation. This event made the actual theme of the Crimea again. This event is highly symbolic and emotional significance of perception as a factor in the formation of the political agenda. Symbols of the reunification of the Crimea and Sevastopol to Russia has already become part of the political capital of the Russian parties and movements.
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In the article provides the essence of three-sector theory of the civil society, the definition of the concept of «cross-sector social partnership» in European political science and the domestic approach. The author analyses forms of cross-sector social partnership in formation and implementation of ... state youth policy of Russia and Kazakhstan, as well as examines their specifics in the context of comparison.
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In this article the author attempted to study the causes and features of migration in the Republic of Ingushetia. The work is based on statistical and real facts, relating to the population of Ingushetia, migratory movements within the Republic, Ingush diaspora, as well as the works of local and for ... eign researchers. The article also analyzes the influence of modern transformational processes on the population of Ingushetia, systematized statistical data on various types of demographic structure of the population. The main problem of migrantsis adaptation at the new place of residence. Massive flows of migrants lead changes in the social structure of the population take jobsaway from locals; increase the burden on the housing and labor market, which negatively affects to the relations between the local residents and migrants. In addition, in the era of information, thanks to various means of communication, it's easier for migrants to preserve their national identity. On the other hand, the increases the part of economically active population in the total population because the migrants are mainly men. To this theme dedicated not much of works. That makes it even more valuable and interesting to research.
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The purpose of a scientific article is the study of information threats of Russian society and the state in the context of globalization. Modern society entered on information stage of the development that changes traditional forms of interaction between the power and society, and information become ... s the main value of the public relations.The analysis of the international and Russian program documents devoted to formation of global information community is carried out. A theory of network power is main scientific approach of research. Formation of institutes of the electronic government is provided by agreements at the interstate level. Main purpose is creation of uniform system of the electronic government in the world. The system of open public administration in Russia is implemented with the help of foreign technology that undermines the national security of the state. The author draws conclusions that global trends of information society are directed on formation of the supranational network power lowering a role of the state institutes of the Russian Federation in socio-political processes. National identity is the most vulnerable segment of state security in information society which becomes transformed to supranational information type of political culture. The main condition of strengthening of national security of the Russian Federation is creation of system of the state information security.
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In this article, the author attempts to determine political Islam formation process and struggle between Kemalism and Islamism adherents after the foundation of the Republic of Turkey in 1923. The author circumstantially describes the reasons of confrontation and the ensuing struggle. The author cha ... racterizes the origin of the political Islam in Turkey, development of the movement in political sphere, struggle for power and he also analyzes the actions taken by them for the Islamization of the country. The author describes the process of the political Islam evolution from rural areas of Turkey to political arena, as well as the succession of events that allowed them to come to power. The special attention is paid to the evolution of Islamism supporters that have begun with the rejection of secularism and westernization and finally came to completely different position, and use ideas of the Westernization of the country as the main way to come to power in XXI century.
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Problems of increase of labor motivation of nurses is an important function of health administration. Without their solutions can hardly be a real improvement in the quality and culture of medical aid to the population, as well as improving the efficiency of health care institutions (MPI) and the in ... dustry as a whole, based on the rational use of financial, material and human resources. Health care is a special sphere of activities to ensure citizens' right to health, which is the property of the nation, and therefore remains a priority in the political, economic and social life of the state and society.
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A role of the state audit as one of tools of economic growth in Russia is considered in the article. As a «quality» tool of management of financial resources allocated performance audit. By analyzing the activities of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation as the supreme body of state contro ... l of external conclusions about the effectiveness of state audit in Russia. The author also shows the importance of the state audit in the relationship between state and society and to achieve the common goal of sustainable economic development and social stability.
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In the context of globalization of the world economy for most countries are becoming increasingly important problems related to ensuring of openness of national economies, their integration into the world economy. Due to this, they seek to extract economic benefits from participation in the internat ... ional division of labor. One of such effective tools that promote the involvement of national economies into the world economy, the recovery of foreign trade, became a special economic zone (SEZ), which allow countries to implement, first of all, regional advantages in accelerating economic growth, socio-economic development of territories. In the Astrakhan region in 2014 launched a special economic zone В«LotusВ», which aims to contribute to the strengthening of economic positions of Russia in the Caspian region.
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The article examines the factors that determine the specificity of modern mass society. It lists the major social changes that determined the change in the development of mass society. The process of becoming a modern mass society is determined by the specifics of the impact of the Internet. The aut ... hor analyzes the characteristics of modern social realities that lead to a radical transformation of mass society. We consider the information mass as the type of modern mass society, which is released by German researchers Alexander Bard and Jan Zoderkvist. Provided kind of mass man of the XXI century - the selective consumer by having a special type of subjectivity. Implemented explication of the problem field of study of selective consumer. Substantiates the special role of the Subject - media in the formation of subjectivity selective consumer. Shall review the problem field of the study of subjectivity in comparison with the process of acquiring subjective characteristics of selective consumer. Information and communication technologies are considered in terms of involvement in the selective consumer communication. It revealed diffuse subject-object relations arising in the Internet space.
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The article is devoted to the problem of defining ideology. The author shows that, despite the fact that the term «ideology» is one of the most popular in social science and political practice, we still don't have unified definition of it. The author describes a number of different definitions of id ... eology, shows that they are poorly compatible with each other. To clarify this problem, author analyses the place of ideology in the public consciousness. The author relies on the notion of public consciousness as a system of orientation (that aims to understand the world) and project (that creates new objects in the world) subsystems. It is shown that ideology is both a form of the two subsystems of public consciousness. In this regard, author provides a critique of the concept of «false consciousness», showing that the design subsystem of the ideological content can not be a subject to the procedure for epistemological verification. In addition, the value component plays the important role in ideology. In article is examined the question of possibility of epistemological verification of value judgments. In the article is proved that the ideology necessary has a political content, author proposes its definition as a form of spiritual activity (and, at the same time, the products of this activity), with the purpose of legitimization of particular political regime and/or programmes of change.
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This article discusses the possibility of disclosure content, forms and dynamics of social structures at various levels and stages of history. The analysis uses a cultural and civilizational approaches. It is proved that globalization is in cultural and civilizational context and has on these phenom ... ena of social life, the most immediate impact. Consideration of global humanity as a fractal opens new possibilities for understanding the integrity of fragments established world. It is shown that the example of civilized attitude to one's own history can be some of the western countries that purposefully promote in society the traditional values and patriotism, while avoiding the possibilities of a different understanding of its historical paradigm. This is one of the important reasons for their political and economic welfare. It turns out that for proper examination of globalization in cultural and civilizational contexts, it is important to note that neorealists option historical knowledge provides some great first draft of history, involving universal for all times and peoples is a natural historical phase, socio-economic structure, and, accordingly, historical events are arranged in "cells" of these formations and phases.
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Leadership is the one of the most difficult and most interesting phenomena in the development of human society. The purpose of this study is a comprehensive analysis of establishing of the theory of leadership in the Western philosophical thought. In the article the principal temporary stages were i ... dentified in the development of philosophical thought, and an attempt to determine the nature and formulate the basic principles of leadership as a social phenomenon was placed in the center of this stages. Heraclitus, Plato, Aristotle and others are among the representatives of the ancient thoughts, whose views and works are reflected in this study. The philosophers of the Middle Ages, whose works have been turned to the question of leadership and leadership qualities, are Thomas Aquinas, Augustine Ipponiysky, Machiavelli and others. The French Revolution changed not only the general political mood in Europe, but also in the understanding of the genesis of leadership. The philosophers of the bourgeois revolution whose works have been analyzing it in this study are T. Hobbes, J. Locke, Montesquieu, and Voltaire. But the real surge of interest in the problems of leadership occurred in the 19th century, it is associated with such names as F. Nietzsche, M. Weber, H. Frey, C. Jung, E. Fromm. The second half of the 20th century is represented by works of behaviorists, political scientists, representatives of the theory of modern management and modern pedagogy. Philosophical understanding of theories of leadership continues into the 21st century, going from macro to micro levels and spreading to all spheres of human life.
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The French philosopher Louis Althusser has done a great contribution of exploring the materialist conception of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. He managed to overcome many conflicts through more complete and in-depth analysis of the concept. In this article we have considered the theory of determina ... tion and overdetermination, which has become the solution of many allegations of excessive materialism of Marx's theory. We have turned to the Althusser's book «For Marx» his article «Contradiction and determination» in which he explores the complex relationship of base and superstructure under the materialist conception of history. We examined one of the most important concept that will help us to understand the complex structure determination and overdetermination, which is a contradiction. We highlighted the basic contradiction between productive forces and production relations, and we denoted the variable dominants influencing the development of society. Thus, the Louis Althusser's theory of overdetermination becomes a creative solution to the issue of excessive simplification of Marx's theory, enables a completely different way to regard Marxist heritage and represents a new way of possible development of the materialist conception of the society formation.
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The article analyzes the humanistic ideal, in the tradition of which is the principle of humanity. freedom, justice. equality, etc. Ideas humanism appeared a long time ago, the society can not develop without understanding the significance of man, his place in society, its opportunities. It is shown ... that classical humanism emerged during the Renaissance and the Enlightenment gave rise to the cult of «Autonomous man», affirmed the inherent value of a person. Twentieth century and contemporary twenty-first century, the information society has led to the fact that humanistic ideas began to acquire some new trend associated with globalisation, individualism changed the nature of man. Man this lonely, forsaken, a man who never appears to itself as being a stable, self. The article pays attention to modern theories of humanism. This direction is transhumanism, «a new ideology». Acknowledges the possibility of using modern technology to carry out fundamental changes in the status of humanity, they will save people from suffering, strengthen physical, mental and psychological abilities of a person. The goal of transhumanism - the enhancement of nature man, victory over aging. A special place is given freedom. It is obvious that freedom is connected with the essence of a man who carries always a choice, without a choice of alternatives and objectives, a person may not be. Freedom not only for themselves, but for Others, acceptance of the Other, recognition free. It is tolerance. The crisis of the humanist ideal can be overcome if priority will be universal values, culture, moral education of man, tolerance.
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Culture is an integral characteristic feature of any ethnic group. Korean culture has been hidden from Western civilization because of rigid isolation of the country until the end of the nineteenth century. This culture has developed over thousands of years as a secondary on the periphery of the Chi ... nese civilization, but nevertheless acquired its own unique characteristic resistant features. The cultural complex of the Korean nation is an independent, it has strong internal resources. One of its main features is the harmonious combination of the elements exclusively for their national origins with borrowed from neighboring cultures of China, Mongolia and Japan, as well as Russia, Europe and America. The perceived components were not assimilated into the culture and became indigenous by the ethnic group. The result is the existing cultural complex was not weakened or dissolved, but enriched and strengthened, and the study of such processes will certainly attract the attention of scientists.
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