Role and significance of the Atyrau region in the supply system of the front and rear during the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945).

Annotation

On December 18, 1940, Hitler signed Directive No. 21 of the Supreme Command of the Wehrmacht, which received the code name “Option Barbarossa” and became the main guiding document in the war against the USSR. The German armed forces were tasked with “defeating Soviet Russia in one short campaign”, for which it was intended to use all ground forces except those performing occupation functions in Europe, as well as approximately two-thirds of the Air Force and a small part of the Navy. By means of rapid operations with deep and rapid advance of tank wedges, the German army was to destroy the Soviet troops in the western part of the USSR and prevent the retreat of combat-ready units into the interior of the country. Subsequently, quickly pursuing the enemy, the German troops were to reach a line from which the Soviet aviation would be unable to carry out raids on the Third Reich. The ultimate goal of the campaign was to reach the Arkhangelsk – Volga – Astrakhan line, creating there, if necessary, conditions for the German Air Force to “influence the Soviet industrial centers in the Urals”.

Keywords

• Great Patriotic War
• Gurevsky Regional Committee
• evacuation
• New pipeline
• resources for the front
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References

1. Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Fund 708, inventory 1, case. 5, sheet 408 (original).

2. Korablev A. A. Guryev / Atyrau v gody Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyny [Guryev / Atyrau during the Great Patriotic War]. KR Ukimetinin “Uly Zhenis: Erlikke tagzym, urpakka ulgi” atty “2025 zhyly Uly Otan sogysynyn 80-zhyldygyn toylauga dayyndyk turaly" kaulysyna sәikes zhariyalandy.

3. Atyrau oblysy otty zhyldarda (1941–1945) LJ. Uly Otan sogysynyn ayaktaluyn 70 zhyl toluyn orai tarihy men zhylnama shezhiresi. Atyrau: Atyrau-Akparat ZhS Baspakhanasy; 224 – bet.

4. Kazakhstan Republics of the President's archives. Fund 708, inventory 6/2, case 71, sheet 53.

5. Atyrau State Regional Archive. Fund 1, inventory 4, case 180, sheet 110.

6. Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Fund 708, inventory 1, case 5, sheet 408 (original).

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