Everyday work of volunteer rescuers of the Sveabor Extra-District Water Rescue Society in the late 19th – early 20th centuries

Annotation

The article describes the daily work of volunteer rescuers of the Sveaborg Extra-District Water Rescue Society in 1894. The study uses as source material the statutory documents and instructions of the All-Russian Water Rescue Society, the office documentation of the Sveaborg Extra-District Water Rescue Society, which contains information about the internal structure of rescue stations and half-stations and provides statistics on the rescue of drowning people and the provision of assistance to coastal vessels that have lost their course in the waters of the Gulf of Finland. The data on the personnel of the Sveaborg Extra-District Water Rescue Society are analyzed – about the atamans and rowers of the rescue stations, who were recruited mainly from local Finnish fishermen who knew from birth about the difficult weather conditions in the waters of the Gulf of Finland. The sources of permanent funding for the daily work of volunteer rescuers are revealed, including donations from local patrons, military personnel and officials of the Finnish Governorate General. Attention is paid to the organizational and social activities of the inspector of the Sveaborg Extra-District Society, Count A.K. Krongelm, who was a well-known enthusiast in Russia in the matter of rescuing drowning people.

Keywords

• Sveaborg Extra-District Society for Rescue on Waters
• rescue stations and half-stations
• voluntary squad of sea hunters
• Finnish Governorate General
• Sveaborg Fortress
• coastal vessel
• drowning people
• correct fairway
• public organization
• rescue equipment
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References

1. Vedomost o materialnom imushchestve na spasatelnykh polustantsiyakh [Statement of material assets at rescue stations]. Sveaborg: Krepost Sveaborg; 1885, application 5, 2 p.

2. Vedomost spasatelnym snaryadam na postakh [The list of rescue shells at the posts]. Sveaborg: Krepost Sveaborg; 1885, application 6, 1 p.

3. Vysochayshie nagrady [The highest awards]. Spasanie na vodakh: organ sostoyashchego pod Vysochayshim pokrovitelstvom Ee Imperatorskogo Velichestva gosudaryni imperatritsy Marii Fedorovny Obshchestva spasaniya na vodakh [Water Rescue: organ of the Water Rescue Society under the Highest Patronage of Her Imperial Majesty Empress Maria Feodorovna]. 1896, no. 10, pp. 7–8.

4. Liventsev, D.V. 29 maya 1872 g. – utverzhdenie flaga obshchestva podaniya pomoshchi pri korablekrusheniyakh (k postanovke napravleniya nauchnogo issledovaniya) [May 29, 1872 – approval of the flag of the society for shipwreck relief (for setting the direction of scientific research)]. Rubezhi istorii [Frontiers of History]. 2021, no. 3 (15), pp. 3–8.

5. Lichnyy sostav obshchestva: Sveaborgskoe mestnoe pravlenie [The staff of the company: The Svjaborg local government]. Sveaborg: Krepost Sveaborg; 1885, application 1, 5 p.

6. Perechen svedeniy, neobkhodimykh dlya ustroystva novoy spasatelnoy stantsii [List of information necessary for the establishment of a new rescue station]. Spasanie na vodakh: organ sostoyashchego pod Vysochayshim pokrovitelstvom Ee Imperatorskogo Velichestva gosudaryni imperatritsy Marii Fedorovny Obshchestva spasaniya na vodakh [Water Rescue: organ of the Water Rescue Society under the Highest Patronage of Her Imperial Majesty Empress Maria Feodorovna]. 1892, no. 5, pp. 16.

7. Pravila dlya kupayushchikhsya [Rules for swimmers]. Spasanie na vodakh: organ sostoyashchego pod Vysochayshim pokrovitelstvom Ee Imperatorskogo Velichestva gosudaryni imperatritsy Marii Fedorovny Obshchestva spasaniya na vodakh [Water Rescue: organ of the Water Rescue Society under the Highest Patronage of Her Imperial Majesty Empress Maria Feodorovna]. 1898, no. 9, pp. 3–4.

8. Pervyy godovoy otchet Sveaborgskogo mestnogo pravleniya, sostoyashchego pod vysochayshim pokrovitelstvom Ee Imperatorskogo Velichestva obshchestva spasaniya na vodakh 1883 g. [The first annual report of the Sveaborg local Government, which consists under the highest patronage of Her Imperial Majesty, the Society for Rescue on the waters, 1883]. Sveaborg: Krepost Sveaborg; 1884, 16 p.

9. Sveaborgskiy vneokruzhnoy otdel za 1894 g. [The Sveaborg non-district Department for 1894]. Spasanie na vodakh: organ sostoyashchego pod Vysochayshim pokrovitelstvom Ee Imperatorskogo Velichestva gosudaryni imperatritsy Marii Fedorovny Obshchestva spasaniya na vodakh [Water Rescue: organ of the Water Rescue Society under the Highest Patronage of Her Imperial Majesty Empress Maria Feodorovna]. 1895, no. 8, pp. 16–18.

10. Usloviya, kotorym dolzhny udovletvoryat obshchestvennye kupalni [Conditions to be met by public baths]. Spasanie na vodakh: organ sostoyashchego pod Vysochayshim pokrovitelstvom Ee Imperatorskogo Velichestva gosudaryni imperatritsy Marii Fedorovny Obshchestva spasaniya na vodakh [Water Rescue: organ of the Water Rescue Society under the Highest Patronage of Her Imperial Majesty Empress Maria Feodorovna]. 1903, no. 5, pp. 6–9.

11. Ustav sostoyashchego pod avgusteyshim pokrovitelstvom Ee Imperatorskogo Velichestva gosudaryni-imperatritsy Imperatorskogo rossijskogo obshchestva spasaniya na vodah [The Charter of the Imperial Russian Society for Rescue on the Waters, which is under the august patronage of Her Imperial Majesty the Empress]. Sankt Petersburg: Tip. Ministerstva putej i soobshcheniya; 1893, 36 p.

12. Ustav sostoyashchego pod avgustejshim pokrovitel'stvom Eyo Imperatorskogo Vysochestva gosudaryni-cesarevny obshchestva podaniya pomoshchi pri korablekrusheniyakh [The Charter of the Shipwreck Relief Society, which is under the august patronage of Her Imperial Highness the Empress Tsarevna]. Sankt Petersburg; 1873, 14 p.

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