Forced eviction of Russian Germans from Kabardino-Balkaria

Annotation

Russian Germans moved to the territory of Kabarda in the 60s of the 19th century. The transformation of the German population during the period of socialist construction is analyzed. The participation of the German population in the development of the socio-economic life of the region is revealed: partnerships for joint cultivation of land, agricultural artels, communes functioned. Particular attention was paid to the development of culture, national councils were created in two villages, work was carried out to eliminate illiteracy, the German language was taught at school and culture was developed. During the period of total collectivization, the Germans, like other peoples, were subjected to dispossession. The causes and effects of the system of political repressions are revealed. - The problem of Russian Germans deported in 1941 from the territory of Kabardino-Balkaria is comprehensively studied. The factors of forced resettlement of Germans and the difficulties of adaptation in places of special settlements are studied. The legal status, housing and living conditions and food supply are revealed. The work activity in the places of special settlements and in the work battalions was studied. The conclusion was made that the Russian Germans took an active part in the socialist modernization of the region's development. Nevertheless, they were subjected, like other peoples, to political repression and forced resettlement. Despite the most difficult trials that they had to endure, the Soviet Germans remained faithful to their second homeland, made a worthy contribution to the socio-economic development of the USSR, the achievement of Victory in the Great Patriotic War.

Keywords

• Kabardino-Balkaria
• russian Germans
• collectivization
• dispossession
• political repression
• forced resettlement
• special settlement
• difficulties
• contribution
• economy
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