Сonceptualization of Practice in Philosophical Anthropology

Annotation

The purpose of this paper is to explicate the meaning of the convergence of philosophical anthropology and practical philosophy, starting from the Modern era. Disclosing important aspects of their interaction allows us to return the anthropological correlation to the discourse on practice. Philosophical anthropology is considered in the article as one of the traditions of studying man, which attracted attention mainly in the twentieth century. The approach proposed in the article allows us to clarify the disciplinary status of philosophical anthropology in the system of philosophical knowledge. This problem is solved using the material of the German project of philosophical anthropology (I. Kant, M. Scheler, H. Plessner, A. Gehlen, K. Wulf, O. Marquardt). The connections between anthropology and ethics, the features of the philosophical-anthropological and moral-ethical conceptualization of practice are analyzed. It is substantiated that rethinking the idea of philosophical anthropology allows us to reintroduce the Kantian point of view, the results of which are recognized as “turning points”. It is noted that Kant made an important step towards the “anthropological regime of philosophy” as a mode of philosophical thinking that seeks the possibility of substantiating universal significance through research into the factuality of human coexistence. Thus, it turns out that the problem of the ontological foundation of practical philosophy receives a new impetus for discussion. A conclusion is made about the advisability of revising a number of stereotypes regarding Kant's anthropology. The conclusions made help clarify the meaning of the “practical turn” in philosophy and science.

Keywords

• philosophical anthropology
• practical philosophy
• ethics
• human nature
• Kant's pragmatic anthropology
• anthropological turn
• practical turn
• theory and practice
• enlightenment
• post-metaphysical philosophy
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