Language as the most important component of the spiritual heritage of the Kalmyk people

Annotation

One of the full-fledged and unique national regions of the Russian Federation is the Republic of Kalmykia. The Kalmyks, having come to the Russian state from Central Asia at the beginning of the 17th century, forever linked their fate with the multinational people of Russia, occupying the steppes in the lower reaches of the Volga and along the banks of the Don and turned out to be the only ethnic group of “Asian origin” in Europe. They became part of their new Fatherland - Russia, having a rich material and spiritual culture, an original written language, whose roots go back to the old Mongolian tradition, possessing masterpieces of oral poetry, the pinnacle of which was the Kalmyk heroic epic “Dzhangar”. Being in the space of the Russian state for more than four centuries, they, together with all the multinational people of their country, endured the most severe suffering and social cataclysms that fell to its lot, experienced the joy of victories and achievements of their great power. One of the most difficult and controversial for the Kalmyk people is the Soviet stage of national-linguistic construction, which falls on the 20th century and is considered by us in the context of modernization processes. From the point of view of methodology, the dialectological method is applied based on the principle of historicism, which allows studying the process of development of the Kalmyk language in relation to a specific historical situation. The work uses historical-comparative, historical-systemic, the principle of scientific objectivity, system analysis and interdisciplinary methods. The relevance of the study is dictated primarily by the problems associated with the threat of extinction of the Kalmyk language, understanding the historical and cultural heritage as a source of obtaining new knowledge in the spiritual sphere, achieving stability and harmony in society, educating the younger generation on the heroic past of the people and the formation of an all-Russian identity. The article considers the results of a comprehensive study of language as one of the fundamental values of the national culture of the Kalmyk people, allowing a person to identify himself with a particular nation in the context of globalization processes occurring in the world.

Keywords

• historical and cultural heritage
• kalmyk language
• writing
• spiritual culture
• people
• traditions
• preservation
• modernization
• globalization
• electronic resource
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Acknowledgments

the publication was prepared within the framework of the implementation of the State assignment of the Southern Scientific Center of the RAS (No. state registration of the project 122020100347-2).

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