kaspyTHE CASPIAN REGION: politics, economics, culture1818-510XАстраханский государственный университет им. В. Н. Татищева250710.54398/1818-510X.2025.83.2.015327(470+571)Economic cooperation of the Russian Federation with the BRICS-5Economic cooperation of the Russian Federation with the BRICS-5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3714-7551MosakovaElizaveta A.MosakovaElizaveta A.lizavetam@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-3281-8922SukachevaElizaveta O.SukachevaElizaveta O.elizaveta.sukacheva@mail.ruLomonosov Moscow State UniversityLomonosov Moscow State UniversityLomonosov Moscow State UniversityLomonosov Moscow State University1507202521431580702202531032025https://kaspy.asu-edu.ru/en/archive/2025/issue/2/article/2507https://kaspy.asu-edu.ru/storage/kaspy/archive/2(83)/143-158.pdf

In 2024 five new members joined BRICS, an association primarily pursuing economic goals. In this regard, it seems necessary to identify the degree of development of trade and economic cooperation between the countries that initially formed the group. That should be done in order to determine the accumulated effectiveness and experience of community development. The purpose of this study is to identify the dynamics of economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the BRICS-5 countries. It is important to admit that the designation “BRICS-5” is used by the authors to emphasize that the study will provide a trade and economic analysis of cooperation between the Russian Federation and the states that form the “core” of the association (the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Republic of India, the People's Republic of China and the Republic of South Africa).To achieve the goal mentioned above, the following methods of scientific cognition were applied: theoretical (analysis, deduction and induction) and empirical (description, comparison, systematization). The source was based on analytical reports from the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia, the Eastern State Planning Center, the International Monetary Fund, as well as various scientific publications and online resources (official websites of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, Russian International Affair Council, etc.).

In 2024 five new members joined BRICS, an association primarily pursuing economic goals. In this regard, it seems necessary to identify the degree of development of trade and economic cooperation between the countries that initially formed the group. That should be done in order to determine the accumulated effectiveness and experience of community development. The purpose of this study is to identify the dynamics of economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the BRICS-5 countries. It is important to admit that the designation “BRICS-5” is used by the authors to emphasize that the study will provide a trade and economic analysis of cooperation between the Russian Federation and the states that form the “core” of the association (the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Republic of India, the People's Republic of China and the Republic of South Africa).To achieve the goal mentioned above, the following methods of scientific cognition were applied: theoretical (analysis, deduction and induction) and empirical (description, comparison, systematization). The source was based on analytical reports from the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia, the Eastern State Planning Center, the International Monetary Fund, as well as various scientific publications and online resources (official websites of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, Russian International Affair Council, etc.).

BRICSRussian Federationcooperationexportimportforeign tradeenergy resourcesindustrial productionsanctionstrade balanceeconomic cooperation BRICSRussian Federationcooperationexportimportforeign tradeenergy resourcesindustrial productionsanctionstrade balanceeconomic cooperation Asadov, B. R., Gavrilenko, V. A., Nemchenko, S. B. Teoriya mnogostoronnego vzaimodeystviya gosudarstv na primere deyatelnosti BRIKS [Theory of multilateral interaction of states on the example of BRICS activities]. Aktualnye problemy gosudarstva i prava [Actual problems of state and law]. 2021, no. 20, pp. 590–601, doi: 10.20310/2587-9340-2021-5-20-590-601.Asadov, B. R., Gavrilenko, V. A., Nemchenko, S. B. Teoriya mnogostoronnego vzaimodeystviya gosudarstv na primere deyatelnosti BRIKS [Theory of multilateral interaction of states on the example of BRICS activities]. Aktualnye problemy gosudarstva i prava [Actual problems of state and law]. 2021, no. 20, pp. 590–601, doi: 10.20310/2587-9340-2021-5-20-590-601.Braziliya v oktyabre postavila v Rossiyu tovarov na 216 millionov dollarov [Brazil shipped $216 million worth of goods to Russia in October]. Available at: https://ria.ru/20241108/torgovlya-1982575087.html (accessed: 19.12.2024).Braziliya v oktyabre postavila v Rossiyu tovarov na 216 millionov dollarov [Brazil shipped $216 million worth of goods to Russia in October]. Available at: https://ria.ru/20241108/torgovlya-1982575087.html (accessed: 19.12.2024).Byulleten “Tamozhennaya statistika vneshnej torgovli Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [Bulletin “Customs statistics of foreign trade of the Russian Federation”]. Available at:  https://customs.gov.ru/statistic (accessed: 19.12.2024).Byulleten “Tamozhennaya statistika vneshnej torgovli Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [Bulletin “Customs statistics of foreign trade of the Russian Federation”]. Available at:  https://customs.gov.ru/statistic (accessed: 19.12.2024).Vneshnyaya torgovlya: Rossiya, Kitay, Dalniy Vostok [Foreign trade: Russia, China, the Far East]. Moscow: Eastern Center for State Planning; 2022, 45 р.Vneshnyaya torgovlya: Rossiya, Kitay, Dalniy Vostok [Foreign trade: Russia, China, the Far East]. Moscow: Eastern Center for State Planning; 2022, 45 р.Vneshnyaya torgovlya Rossiyskoy Federatsii s osnovnymi stranami [Foreign trade of the Russian Federation with the main countries]. Available at:  https://rosstat.gov.ru/statistics/vneshnyaya_torgovlya (accessed: 19.12.2024).Vneshnyaya torgovlya Rossiyskoy Federatsii s osnovnymi stranami [Foreign trade of the Russian Federation with the main countries]. Available at:  https://rosstat.gov.ru/statistics/vneshnyaya_torgovlya (accessed: 19.12.2024).Vstrecha s Prezidentom Brazilii Zhairom Bolsonaro [Meeting with Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro]. Available at: kremlin.ru/events/president/news/62049 (accessed: 10.10.2024).Vstrecha s Prezidentom Brazilii Zhairom Bolsonaro [Meeting with Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro]. Available at: kremlin.ru/events/president/news/62049 (accessed: 10.10.2024).Dolya RF v torgovle Kitaya ne prevyshaet 4 % [The share of the Russian Federation in China's trade does not exceed 4%]. Available at: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/6426566 (accessed: 02.11.2024).Dolya RF v torgovle Kitaya ne prevyshaet 4 % [The share of the Russian Federation in China's trade does not exceed 4%]. Available at: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/6426566 (accessed: 02.11.2024).Evsin, M. Yu., Ziroyan, R. A. Strany BRIKS v mirovoy ekonomike [BRICS countries in the global economy]. EFO. Ekonomika. Finansy. Obshchestvo [EFO. Economy. Finance. Society]. 2024, no. 4 (12), pp. 25–38, doi: 10.24412/2782-4845-2024-12-25-38.Evsin, M. Yu., Ziroyan, R. A. Strany BRIKS v mirovoy ekonomike [BRICS countries in the global economy]. EFO. Ekonomika. Finansy. Obshchestvo [EFO. Economy. Finance. Society]. 2024, no. 4 (12), pp. 25–38, doi: 10.24412/2782-4845-2024-12-25-38.Issledovaniya FANU “Vostokgosplan” [Research of the Federal State Institution “Vostokgosplan”]. Available at: https://vostokgosplan.ru/research/?_sft_research_cat=publikacii (accessed: 10.11.2024).Issledovaniya FANU “Vostokgosplan” [Research of the Federal State Institution “Vostokgosplan”]. Available at: https://vostokgosplan.ru/research/?_sft_research_cat=publikacii (accessed: 10.11.2024).“KAMAZ” i “Markopolo” prodolzhayut sotrudnichestvo [KAMAZ and Markopolo continue to cooper]. Available at: https://kamaz.ru/press/releases/kamaz_i_markopolo_prodolzhayut_sotrudnichestvo/ (accessed: 19.11.2024).“KAMAZ” i “Markopolo” prodolzhayut sotrudnichestvo [KAMAZ and Markopolo continue to cooper]. Available at: https://kamaz.ru/press/releases/kamaz_i_markopolo_prodolzhayut_sotrudnichestvo/ (accessed: 19.11.2024).Lola, I. S., Semina, V. V., Usov, N. A., Andreev, K. D. BRIKS: ustoychivost, konvergentsiya, inklyuzivnost [BRICS: sustainability, convergence, inclusivity]. Moscow: Vyshaya shkola ekonomiki; 2023, 8 p.Lola, I. S., Semina, V. V., Usov, N. A., Andreev, K. D. BRIKS: ustoychivost, konvergentsiya, inklyuzivnost [BRICS: sustainability, convergence, inclusivity]. Moscow: Vyshaya shkola ekonomiki; 2023, 8 p.“Ne poddavatsya davleniyu Zapada”: pochemu Braziliya i ryad drugikh stran mira otkazalis vvodit sanktsii protiv RF [“Not to succumb to Western pressure”: why Brazil and a number of other countries refused to impose sanctions against Russia]. Available at: https://russian.rt.com/world/article/969191-braziliya-bolsonaru-ukraina-rossiya-sankcii (accessed: 03.12.2024).“Ne poddavatsya davleniyu Zapada”: pochemu Braziliya i ryad drugikh stran mira otkazalis vvodit sanktsii protiv RF [“Not to succumb to Western pressure”: why Brazil and a number of other countries refused to impose sanctions against Russia]. Available at: https://russian.rt.com/world/article/969191-braziliya-bolsonaru-ukraina-rossiya-sankcii (accessed: 03.12.2024).Potrebitelskoe chudo KNR: stabilnyy rost ekonomiki v usloviyakh vseobshchey neopredelennosti [The consumer miracle of the PRC: stable economic growth in conditions of general uncertainty]. Available at: https://tass.ru/opinions/18436495 (accessed: 23.10.2024).Potrebitelskoe chudo KNR: stabilnyy rost ekonomiki v usloviyakh vseobshchey neopredelennosti [The consumer miracle of the PRC: stable economic growth in conditions of general uncertainty]. Available at: https://tass.ru/opinions/18436495 (accessed: 23.10.2024).Rossiya predlozhila Indii snizit importnye poshliny na vostrebovannye indiytsami rossiyskie tovary [Russia has proposed to India to reduce import duties on Russian goods in demand by Indian]. Available at: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/news/rossiya_predlozhila_indii_snizit_importnye_poshliny_na_vostrebovannye_indiycami_rossiyskie_tovary.html (accessed: 18.01.2025).Rossiya predlozhila Indii snizit importnye poshliny na vostrebovannye indiytsami rossiyskie tovary [Russia has proposed to India to reduce import duties on Russian goods in demand by Indian]. Available at: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/news/rossiya_predlozhila_indii_snizit_importnye_poshliny_na_vostrebovannye_indiycami_rossiyskie_tovary.html (accessed: 18.01.2025).Rossiysko-Yuzhnoafrikanskie otnosheniya [Russian-South African relations]. Available at: https://russianembassyza.mid.ru/ru/rossiya_i_yuar/ross_yuzhnoafr_otnosheniya/ (accessed: 14.10.2024).Rossiysko-Yuzhnoafrikanskie otnosheniya [Russian-South African relations]. Available at: https://russianembassyza.mid.ru/ru/rossiya_i_yuar/ross_yuzhnoafr_otnosheniya/ (accessed: 14.10.2024).Torgovo-yekonomicheskoe sotrudnichestvo Rossii i Brazilii [Trade and economic cooperation between Russia and Brazil]. Available at: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/file/86ec5eb1055c69ab92004cb25d86bc94/TEC_Brasil_May_2021.pdf (accessed: 19.11.2024).Torgovo-yekonomicheskoe sotrudnichestvo Rossii i Brazilii [Trade and economic cooperation between Russia and Brazil]. Available at: https://www.economy.gov.ru/material/file/86ec5eb1055c69ab92004cb25d86bc94/TEC_Brasil_May_2021.pdf (accessed: 19.11.2024).Torgovlya RF s Braziliey: chem khuzhe, tem luchshe [Trade of the Russian Federation with Brazil: the worse, the better]. Available at: https://russiancouncil.ru/analytics-and-comments/analytics/torgovlya-rf-s-braziliey-chem-khuzhe-tem-luchshe/ (accessed: 11.12.2024).Torgovlya RF s Braziliey: chem khuzhe, tem luchshe [Trade of the Russian Federation with Brazil: the worse, the better]. Available at: https://russiancouncil.ru/analytics-and-comments/analytics/torgovlya-rf-s-braziliey-chem-khuzhe-tem-luchshe/ (accessed: 11.12.2024).Tovarooborot Rossii i Indii dostig 54,7 milliarda dollarov [The trade turnover between Russia and India reached 54.7 billion dollars]. Available at: https://digital.gov.ru/ru/events/48851/ (accessed: 16.10.2024).Tovarooborot Rossii i Indii dostig 54,7 milliarda dollarov [The trade turnover between Russia and India reached 54.7 billion dollars]. Available at: https://digital.gov.ru/ru/events/48851/ (accessed: 16.10.2024).Chto proishodilo v torgovle Rossii i Kitaya v 2024 godu [What happened in trade between Russia and China in 2024]. Available at: https://www.rbc.ru/economics/23/01/2025/6790fa3e9a7947ca6e9d4c1c (accessed: 20.12.2024).Chto proishodilo v torgovle Rossii i Kitaya v 2024 godu [What happened in trade between Russia and China in 2024]. Available at: https://www.rbc.ru/economics/23/01/2025/6790fa3e9a7947ca6e9d4c1c (accessed: 20.12.2024).Chto izvestno ob osnovnykh torgovykh partnerah Rossii v Afrike [What is known about Russia's main trading partners in Africa]. Available at: https://tass.ru/info/18376297 (accessed: 17.12.2024).Chto izvestno ob osnovnykh torgovykh partnerah Rossii v Afrike [What is known about Russia's main trading partners in Africa]. Available at: https://tass.ru/info/18376297 (accessed: 17.12.2024).Shkuropatov, D. D., Dzirun, I. A., Petrushina, O. M. K voprosu vzaimodeystviya Rossii v sostave BRIKS [On the issue of Russia's interaction within the BRICS]. Economy and Business: Theory and Practice [Economy and Business: Theory and Practice].  2024, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 154–156, doi: 10.24412/2411-0450-2024-2-2-154-156.Shkuropatov, D. D., Dzirun, I. A., Petrushina, O. M. K voprosu vzaimodeystviya Rossii v sostave BRIKS [On the issue of Russia's interaction within the BRICS]. Economy and Business: Theory and Practice [Economy and Business: Theory and Practice].  2024, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 154–156, doi: 10.24412/2411-0450-2024-2-2-154-156.Ekonomika Indii v 2024 godu [India's economy in 2024]. Available at: https://mgimo.ru/about/news/experts/india-economy-2024/?utm_source=google.com&utm_medium=organic&utm_campaign=google.com&utm_referrer=google.com (accessed: 17.11.2024).Ekonomika Indii v 2024 godu [India's economy in 2024]. Available at: https://mgimo.ru/about/news/experts/india-economy-2024/?utm_source=google.com&utm_medium=organic&utm_campaign=google.com&utm_referrer=google.com (accessed: 17.11.2024).Yuzhno-Afrikanskaya Respublika [South African Republic]. Moscow: Minpromtorg RF; 2023, 17 p.Yuzhno-Afrikanskaya Respublika [South African Republic]. Moscow: Minpromtorg RF; 2023, 17 p.Yakovlev, P. Rossiya i Braziliya v paradigme strategicheskogo partnerstva [Russia and Brazil in the paradigm of strategic partnership]. Perspektivy [Prospects]. 2022, no. 4, pp. 30–43, doi: 10.32726/2411-3417-2022-4-30-46.Yakovlev, P. Rossiya i Braziliya v paradigme strategicheskogo partnerstva [Russia and Brazil in the paradigm of strategic partnership]. Perspektivy [Prospects]. 2022, no. 4, pp. 30–43, doi: 10.32726/2411-3417-2022-4-30-46.Global Economic Paper. The Path to 2075 – Slower Global Growth, But Convergence Remains Intact. Goldman Sachs Economic Research. New York: Goldman Sachs; 2022, 45 p.Global Economic Paper. The Path to 2075 – Slower Global Growth, But Convergence Remains Intact. Goldman Sachs Economic Research. New York: Goldman Sachs; 2022, 45 p.IMF World Economic Outlook: A Rocky Recovery. Washington, DC.: International Monetary Fund; 2023, 206 p.IMF World Economic Outlook: A Rocky Recovery. Washington, DC.: International Monetary Fund; 2023, 206 p.Reports. Available at: https://www.euromonitor.com/search?term=reports&tab=Reports (accessed: 23.12.2024).Reports. Available at: https://www.euromonitor.com/search?term=reports&tab=Reports (accessed: 23.12.2024).Sucha Singh G. Political economy of Indo-Soviet relations, 1947-80. New Delhi: Rajesh Publications; 1983, 285 p.Sucha Singh G. Political economy of Indo-Soviet relations, 1947-80. New Delhi: Rajesh Publications; 1983, 285 p.Trade Statistics. Available at: https://commerce.gov.in/trade-statistics/ (accessed: 18.12.2024).Trade Statistics. Available at: https://commerce.gov.in/trade-statistics/ (accessed: 18.12.2024).