kaspyTHE CASPIAN REGION: politics, economics, culture1818-510XАстраханский государственный университет им. В. Н. Татищева244210.54398/1818-510X.2024.80.3.00693/94Organization of storage and distribution of petroleum products in the Astrakhan region in the 1920sOrganization of storage and distribution of petroleum products in the Astrakhan region in the 1920shttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1207-327XEshchenkoYuliya G.EshchenkoYuliya G.pushistik_yuliya@mail.ruAstrakhan Tatishchev State UniversityAstrakhan Tatishchev State University13122024354640304202428062024https://kaspy.asu-edu.ru/en/archive/2024/issue/3/article/2442https://kaspy.asu-edu.ru/storage/kaspy/archive/3(80)/54-64.pdf

The restoration of Soviet control over oil-producing and oil-refining regions (Baku, Grozny, Ural-Emba) after the end of the civil war contributed to the elimination of the fuel crisis and changes in the operating conditions of the oil industry. With the introduction of the new economic policy in the country, the oil industry was transferred to business accounting, and the existing restrictions on the sale of petroleum products were lifted. The new principles of the industry's operation entailed the reorganization of its management system, the purpose of which was to create an effective centralized management mechanism that included control over the production, transportation and sale of oil and petroleum products. Due to its geographical location, the Astrakhan region had been involved in the system of transporting petroleum products from oil regions located in close proximity to the Caspian Sea since the pre-revolutionary period. At the beginning of the 1920s the transit of petroleum products through the Astrakhan port had to be resumed, the system of storage and distribution of petroleum products had to be restructured, including among enterprises and the population of the province. The specifics of the economy of the province, which did not have large local production complexes and, accordingly, a large need for fuel, made the region, first of all, an important transport point, and not a place for selling petroleum products. By the end of the 1920s, the volumes of petroleum products passing through Astrakhan had increased significantly, which contributed to the beginning of the modernization and reconstruction of both the regional port infrastructure and the oil storage system. The restoration of oil fields and oil refining industries, destroyed or fallen into decay during the years of the revolution and civil war, played a role in the activation of cargo turnover; technical re-equipment of the oil industry, including with the use of foreign capital entering the country in the form of concessions; the general rise of the country's economy, which took a course on forced industrialization, the implementation of which was impossible without the appropriate fuel resources.

The restoration of Soviet control over oil-producing and oil-refining regions (Baku, Grozny, Ural-Emba) after the end of the civil war contributed to the elimination of the fuel crisis and changes in the operating conditions of the oil industry. With the introduction of the new economic policy in the country, the oil industry was transferred to business accounting, and the existing restrictions on the sale of petroleum products were lifted. The new principles of the industry's operation entailed the reorganization of its management system, the purpose of which was to create an effective centralized management mechanism that included control over the production, transportation and sale of oil and petroleum products. Due to its geographical location, the Astrakhan region had been involved in the system of transporting petroleum products from oil regions located in close proximity to the Caspian Sea since the pre-revolutionary period. At the beginning of the 1920s the transit of petroleum products through the Astrakhan port had to be resumed, the system of storage and distribution of petroleum products had to be restructured, including among enterprises and the population of the province. The specifics of the economy of the province, which did not have large local production complexes and, accordingly, a large need for fuel, made the region, first of all, an important transport point, and not a place for selling petroleum products. By the end of the 1920s, the volumes of petroleum products passing through Astrakhan had increased significantly, which contributed to the beginning of the modernization and reconstruction of both the regional port infrastructure and the oil storage system. The restoration of oil fields and oil refining industries, destroyed or fallen into decay during the years of the revolution and civil war, played a role in the activation of cargo turnover; technical re-equipment of the oil industry, including with the use of foreign capital entering the country in the form of concessions; the general rise of the country's economy, which took a course on forced industrialization, the implementation of which was impossible without the appropriate fuel resources.

oiltransit of oil productsAstrakhan portMain Oil CommitteeAll-Russian Oil Syndicate (Oil Syndicate)fuel supplykerosenebusiness accountingoil storage facilitiesoil industryfuel industryAstrakhan Regionoiltransit of oil productsAstrakhan portMain Oil CommitteeAll-Russian Oil Syndicate (Oil Syndicate)fuel supplykerosenebusiness accountingoil storage facilitiesoil industryfuel industryAstrakhan Region1. Bodrova, E. V., Kalinov, V. V. K istorii utverzhdeniya dekreta o natsionalizatsii neftyanoy promyshlennosti [On the history of the approval of the decree on the nationalization of the oil industry]. Pravo i obrazovanie [Law and education]. 2020, no. 11, pp. 124–134.1. Bodrova, E. V., Kalinov, V. V. K istorii utverzhdeniya dekreta o natsionalizatsii neftyanoy promyshlennosti [On the history of the approval of the decree on the nationalization of the oil industry]. Pravo i obrazovanie [Law and education]. 2020, no. 11, pp. 124–134.2.   Bodrova, E. V., Kalinov, V. V., Krasivskaya, V. N. 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